On-treatment melanoma and residual disease lung cancer samples are also enriched for ATF3 and exhibit moderately increased expression of ISGs (Extended Data Fig. 10g–j) similar to wild-type DFFB persister and DTEP cells (Figs. 4a and 5a, Extended Data Fig. 6a–c,i,j and 7a–c). The gene discussed is ATF3; the disease is melanoma.