Moreover, NOD1 and NOD2 can also compete for downstream molecules, such as RIP2 or CARD9, that are also useful for other pathways important to fight fungal infections, such as Dectin-1 (Taylor et al, 2007; Yang et al, 2011), Dectin-2 (CLEC6A) (Bi et al, 2010), and RIG-I (DDX58) (Jaeger et al, 2015), leading to the induction of a tailored immune response. Here, NOD2 is linked to fungal infectious disease.