In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients, Aspergillus nidulans strains unable to produce GAG were more virulent and induced higher levels of IL-1β secretion than A. fumigatus (Henriet et al, 2016; Speth et al, 2019). Here, IL1B is linked to chronic granulomatous disease.