KDM6A and urothelial carcinoma: For example, mutations in lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A), exert gender-dual effects in urothelial carcinoma: enhancing immunotherapy response in males but promoting angiogenesis and poor outcomes in females, revealing mechanisms underlying gender differences in tumor immunotherapy response [155].Chromatin remodeling, the ATP-dependent repositioning of nucleosomes, regulates transcription factor access and gene expression [156, 157].