On the other hand, inhibiting CSF-1R promotes the infiltration and activation of CD3 + CD8 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment, suppresses tumor immune escape, and enhances the antitumor activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, thereby overcoming resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade [256]. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.