BCO1 and diabetes mellitus: The recommended panel includes: thyroid function tests (TSH, free T4)-hypothyroidism reduces BCO1 expression; glucose metabolism assessment (fasting glucose or HbA1c)-diabetes affects carotenoid transport; hepatic function tests (ALT, AST)-liver disease impairs clearance; and lipid profile-dyslipidemia alters lipoprotein-mediated carotenoid distribution.