During immunogenic cell death (ICD), intracellular damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as ATP, endoplasmic reticulum calmodulin, and high mobility group protein B1 leaks to the extracellular space, which in turn activates DCs by interacting with its receptors and triggers anti-tumor immune responses in T lymphocytes (54). Here, HMGB1 is linked to neoplasm.