CD274 and neoplasm: This study has several limitations: (1) Due to its retrospective nature, we were unable to collect complete therapeutic details, including imaging data, for all patients, and not all patients underwent PD-L1 testing or whole-exome sequencing (WES) due to insufficient tumor sample availability; (2) The rarity of this disease limited enrollment to a small cohort of immunosuppressed (IS) patients, necessitating the inclusion of MSKCC patients; (3) The immunohistochemical analysis in this study was primarily descriptive and semi-quantitative.