In this study, we demonstrated that tail vein administration of ADSC-Exos in KA-induced temporal lobe epilepsy mouse model effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier and targets the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway, significantly reducing seizure severity and frequency, attenuating neuroinflammation, and mitigating neuronal damage in the hippocampus, thereby exhibiting substantial therapeutic potential in alleviating TLE. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and temporal lobe epilepsy.