U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved ICIs, such as the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab and the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab, have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.