STAT3 and adenocarcinoma: Released during inflammation, cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 stimulate pathways like NF-κβ and IL-6/STAT3 signaling, which in turn promote cell survival and proliferation, with a 30 % higher chance of developing adenocarcinoma, IL-6/STAT3 signaling, and Bcl-2, supporting the inflammation-cancer transformation theory.