Compared with the CKD group, reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and oxidative stress markers, ROS and MDA were determined in the CKD + SQJZ group (p  < 0.001 or p  < 0.05; Figure 2B,C), which were significantly elevated in the CKD group relative to the Control group (all p  < 0.001, Figure 2B,C). Here, TNF is linked to chronic kidney disease.