The mTOR signaling pathway plays a dual role in a time-dependent manner during the progression of sepsis: in the early stage, its activation promotes the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, mediating the “cytokine storm”; while its continuous activation in T cells induces pyroptosis by inhibiting the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis, leading to immunosuppression (54). The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is Sepsis.