In sepsis, LPS binds to the TLR4-MD2-CD14 receptor on lung cells, activates the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway, promotes the ubiquitination of TRAF6 and activates the TAK1/IKKβ/NF-κB pathway, inducing the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β (162, 163). Here, IL1B is linked to Sepsis.