To investigate mTOR signaling activity in MDS neurons, we further performed immunofluorescence staining with an antibody for the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6, Ser235/236), a reliable marker of mTOR pathway (especially for mTORC1 pathway) activation, at 7 days in vitro (DIV). The gene discussed is RPS6; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.