Additionally, studies have shown thatiron may influence macrophagepolarization, favoring the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, which isassociated with more immunogenic tumor environments. Although calreticulin exposure is a classical marker ofimmunogenicity, the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) by second-generationphotosensitizers, has shown limited efficacy in desmoplastic tumormodels, including PDAC. This evidence concerns the gene CALR and neoplasm.