In a preclinical study of a mouse model of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4, exosomes containing miR–181–5p were shown to increase autophagy and decrease liver fibrosis caused by TGF-β1 by blocking the STAT3/Bcl-2/Beclin 1 pathway in HSCs [132]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.