PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The allele frequencies of PNPLA3-Ile148Met, PNPLA3-Lys434Glu, and TM6SF2-Glu167Lys were significantly higher in the MASLD group than in the control group (PNPLA3-Ile148Met and TM6SF2-Glu167Lys: both P_FDR < 0.001; PNPLA3-Lys434Glu: P_FDR=0.024), indicating an association with increased MASLD risk.