reported that heat shock protein 22 modulates mitochondrial biogenesis dependent on nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1)/mitochondrial transcription factor A, as well as DRP1-induced mitochondrial apoptosis, through AMPK-PGC-1α signaling to alleviate early brain injury in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage (Fan et al. 2021). Here, NRF1 is linked to subarachnoid hemorrhage.