AFP and Cirrhosis: RHCC patients exhibited the most advanced liver disease among the groups, with 100% meeting the criteria for cirrhosis, reflected in an elevated international normalized ratio (INR) of 1.58 ± 0.3 and significantly higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels of 312.64 ± 56.1 ng/mL; in contrast, THCC patients presented with residual hepatic damage, frequently presenting with advanced fibrosis, as indicated by a mean FIB-4 index of 6.04 ± 1.1.