Furthermore, this model provided mechanistic insights into MMUT deficiency-induced MMA by revealing that mutant MMUT disrupts the PINK1-mediated translocation of PRKN/Parkin to damaged mitochondria, impairing their clearance via macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosome degradation pathways [47]. The gene discussed is PRKN; the disease is hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.