HAVCR2 and colorectal cancer: TIM-3 facilitates apoptosis in Th1 cells through galectin-9 and is present on dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells, with anti-TIM-3 mAbs, such as sabatolimab, exhibiting minimal efficacy as monotherapy but showing improved effectiveness (6% partial response rate) when combined with anti-PD-1 agents in solid tumors, including NSCLC and colorectal cancer.