Extracellular α-synuclein is a key driver of Parkinson’s disease that binds TLR1/2 on microglia, activating the TAM-family kinases Mer and (Kim et al., 2013; Fourgeaud et al., 2016; Akalu et al., 2017; Bosurgi et al., 2017). The gene discussed is TLR1; the disease is Parkinson disease.