ARRDC3 and neoplasm: Strikingly, receptor (TNFRSF1A), transcription factor (CEBPD), and downstream effector (ARRDC3) showed spatially co-localized high expression specifically at the infiltrative rim of GBM5\_2-the region we defined as tumor infiltration into adjacent tissue—while this coordinated peak was not observed in the other sections (Figure 10G).