Although developed to selectively target SGLT2, these inhibitors also interact with SGLT1 and other isoforms such as SGLT3, depending on the compound (Grempler et al., 2012a), with evidence from animal models indicating that compounds such as empagliflozin (a selective sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor) improve hyperglycaemic endothelial dysfunction through interactions with both SGLT1 and SGLT2 (Khemais-Benkhiat et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A1 and endothelial dysfunction.