AKT1 and skin cancer: Studies in colon, prostate, lung, and skin cancer models have demonstrated that grape seed extracts (GSEs) rich in polyphenols and proanthocyanidins inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and suppress angiogenesis through pathways involving PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling [47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54].