The model was adjusted for heart failure, history of myocardial infarction and neoplasm, number of chronic diseases, MNA-SF score, serum protein concentration (<6/dL), hemoglobin level, NT-proBNP, GFR, serum albumin, low physical activity, GDS-15 score, Short-Blessed test score, and sex. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and heart failure.