In renal cell carcinoma, melatonin induces a process referred to as “tumor slimming” through the enhancement of lipofuscinosis and autophagy, which is mediated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) signaling pathway [10]. Here, UCP1 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.