CDKN2A and neoplasm: Loss of p53 function contributes to tumor progression and has also been implicated in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via upregulation of ZEB1, a zinc-finger transcription factor that suppresses epithelial gene expression and enhances cell motility, migration, and metastatic potential [10].The tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A (also known as p16INK4a) is altered in approximately 95% of PDACs through mechanisms such as homozygous deletion, intragenic mutation, or promoter hypermethylation [11,12].