PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Agents targeting PD-1 (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) and PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab) restore T cell function and enhance antitumor immunity and have demonstrated durable responses and survival advantages across a broad spectrum of malignancies, including melanoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and triple-negative breast carcinoma [72,73].