CD274 and neoplasm: Since secreted PD-L1 is also bound by the therapeutic antibodies, these antibodies cannot contribute to the induction of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), anti-body-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and complement activation of the PD-L1-expressing tumor cell, as would be the case with membrane-bound PD-L1, in addi-tion to the blockade of the ICP axis per se.