LUSC AAF Sub-cohort: The activation of NIMA kinases (NEK9, NEK6, NEK7) pathway is closely linked to lung cancer cell cycle control, as these kinases regulate mitotic spindle formation and chromosomal stability, and their overexpression promotes proliferation, invasion, and poor prognosis in NSCLC [77]. This evidence concerns the gene NEK9 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.