These drugs function by blocking inhibitory receptors such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), thereby enhancing the proliferation and cytotoxicity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and restoring antitumor immune activity [31,32]. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and neoplasm.