Consistent with these results, an immunohistochemical study showed that when more than 20% of OSCC tumor cells showed cytoplasmic AR staining, epithelial Ki67, lymphocyte VEGF, and macrophage MMP9 were all significantly positively associated with AR levels, while epithelial HIF1b and macrophage VEGF were negatively associated with AR levels in metastatic tumors [98]. Here, AR is linked to neoplasm.