For example, in human promyelocytic leukemia cells [36], mouse pancreatic β cells [37], and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells [38], CaMK4 exhibits an inhibitory effect on proliferation; whereas in mouse Tfh cells [39], renal cystic epithelial cells [40], and liver cancer cells [41], it promotes proliferation. Here, CAMK4 is linked to leukemia.