Similarly, other post-translational modifications of Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase/COX) and its electron carrier cytochrome c have been found in several common human diseases, including stroke and myocardial infarction, inflammation, including sepsis, and diabetes, where changes in COX or Cytochrome C phosphorylation/acetylation lead to mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to these diseases’ pathophysiology [75,76]. The gene discussed is CYCS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.