Using patient-derived esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples and mouse models, Georgy et al. depicted that upregulation of HOPX by transcription factor grainyhead-like protein 3 homolog (GRHL3) suppressed tumor cell growth via inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling [72]. Here, HOPX is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.