Their study also established target thresholds for modifiable health indicators—HbA1c ≤ 7.5%, serum albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dL, and hemoglobin >12 g/dL for women or >13 g/dL for men—highlighting how correcting these factors preoperatively can decrease the risks of transfusions, infections, reoperations, and mortality. Here, ALB is linked to infection.