GLP1R and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In recent years, therapeutic approaches to obesity have evolved substantially, extending beyond surgical interventions to include modern non-invasive pharmacological therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) receptor agonists [5,6,7].