According to research by Priyanka et al. [138] male Wistar rats with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) show significant anti-hyperglycemic benefits from low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC), a chitosan derivative, mostly by modulating the AKT/PI3K/FOXO pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.