Several biomarkers—including IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, FGF-23, MMP-2, MMP-7, TIMP-2, and RAGE/AGE—were significantly elevated in patients with cardiac involvement and independently associated with either heart failure decompensation or death/transplantation. Here, IGFBP3 is linked to heart failure.