Malfunction of NLRP3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including chronic inflammatory conditions associated with lifestyle and dietary factors, aging, and environmental exposures, such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), inflammatory bowel disease, and atherosclerosis. Here, NLRP3 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.