In neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., AD and ALS), selective degeneration occurs in central cholinergic neurons, spinal and peripheral cholinergic motor neurons, and parasympathetic cranial nerves, accompanied by a marked reduction in ChAT expression [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. The gene discussed is CHAT; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.