Notably, only one study reported on a prolonged exposure to HAART that exceeded 5 years with a duration of 10-years and did not observe any association between MPO and endothelial dysfunction markers, including sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1, with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction in PLWH [36]. The gene discussed is MPO; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.