CD68 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In HCC, high intratumoral CD38+CD68+ TAMs are linked to more prolonged survival through enhanced IFN-γ production [9], while about 25% of tumors form an “immune-specific class” with high PD-L1 and cytolytic markers, subdivided into active (T cell/IFN-enriched) and exhausted (T-cell exhaustion, TGF-β, M2 macrophages) subtypes [10].