Our results showed that Neuropathiazol upregulated NeuroD1 expression in the tumor tissues, in contrast to the chemotherapeutic drugs, which had no effect (Fig. 5H).These findings suggest that Neuropathiazol induces the transdifferentiation of pancreatic cancer cells into neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. This evidence concerns the gene NEUROD1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.