CCR5 binds to CCL3 (MIP-1α),CCL4 (MIP-1β), and CCL5 (RANTES),, while CCR2binds CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, and CCL13. Suchintricate involvement of CCR2 and CCR5 in homeostatic immune surveillanceand dynamic responses to tissue injury or infection positions themas critical factors in various immunological disorders. This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and infection.