To evaluate the function of CTTN-Δe11 on cardiac hypertrophy, CTTN-Δe11 was silenced in cardiomyocytes by tail vein injection of AAV9-cTnT-short hairpin RNA targeting CTTN-Δe11 (sh-Δe11), followed by TAC to induce hypertrophy for 8 weeks (Fig. 6A). Here, TNNT2 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.