This protein, MSP1FL, was administered together with Glucopyranosyl Lipid Adjuvant-Stable Emulsion (GLA-SE) as an adjuvant, which is a stable oil-in-water nano-emulsion of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist glucopyranosyl lipid A.7A Phase Ia study conducted in adult malaria naïve Caucasian participants demonstrated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of SUM-101, with all vaccinated individuals seroconverting, independent of the MSP1FL dose given.8 This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and malaria.