These findings - that could not have been obtained with bulk assays which average together the dynamics of cells with divergent cell fates - were further supported by a theoretical paper in which the authors model how the interplay of p53 dynamics and the XIAP (X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis) induction rate turned out to be critical to determine the cancer cells therapeutic response (Abukwaik et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.