INS and dystonia 5: Stoop et al. found that younger age, ethnic minority status, insulin use, a higher Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, a higher body mass index (BMI) and the presence of neuropathy were independently associated with DRD.17 Chew et al. discovered that the prevalence of DRD was not significantly higher among patients with complications than among those without.7 Another study found a significant association between DRD and microvascular complications but not macrovascular complications.18 Based on the existing literature, the association between DRD and T2DM complications remains conflicting.