To explore the transcriptional regulation underlying these effects, we identified key transcription factors (TFs) with elevated activity in ASS-ILD monocytes, including ETV5, IRF5, IRF7, RORB, RORC, and SMAD1. Notably, ETV5, IRF5, and IRF7 are closely associated with interferon signaling (19–21). This evidence concerns the gene ETV5 and interstitial lung disease.