Aberrant activation of the IFN signaling pathway is a well-established hallmark of classical autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) (27), and is increasingly recognized as a key driver in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease (IIM-ILD) (28). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and autoimmune disease.