Specifically, PIWIL4, SATB1, GSE1, NCOR1, SAP30L, ATM, and BMI1 were significantly downregulated in tumor tissues relative to normal controls, while BUB1, CHEK1, MASTL, DNAJC2, UBE2D1, and SSRP1 showed pronounced upregulation (Figures 6A, B). Here, BMI1 is linked to neoplasm.